Transport performance has outpaced the growth of real GDP in recent decades. By 2015 a further increase in transport performance of between 50% and 79% over 1997 is forecast. Strengthening regional economies is one way of structurally countering the trend of over-proportionally rising traffic flows in the long term. The study examines the links between economic and transport development at the regional level. Options are also presented for promoting regional economies, thereby decreasing the volume of inter-regional transport.